A motive repeated immediately in the same voice but on a different note is known as what?

A motive that is repeated immediately in the same voice but on a different note is known as a sequence. This musical device involves taking a melodic idea and transposing it up or down by a certain interval, creating a variation of the original motive.

The essence of a sequence lies in its ability to maintain the same rhythmic and melodic contour while altering the pitch. This technique is used extensively in composition to build patterns and develop ideas, allowing for a sense of progression and movement in the music.

In contrast to this, repetition refers to an exact restatement of the motive at the same pitch, imitation involves presenting the motive in a different voice or part at a later point in time, and a theme is a broader concept that can encompass a complete melodic idea, often serving as the foundational material for a larger work. Therefore, when a motive is transposed and presented immediately after its first appearance, it is categorized precisely as a sequence.