What does "m.d." stand for in piano music?

The term "m.d." in piano music stands for "mano destra," which is Italian for "right hand." In musical notation, this directive instructs the performer to utilize the right hand for the specified passage or phrase. This is particularly important in piano music where both hands are used, as it provides clarity on which hand to use for certain notes or chords, enhancing the overall performance.

Understanding that "m.d." indicates the right hand can help a pianist manage their hand placement and positioning more effectively, ensuring a smoother execution of the music. Other terms, such as "m.s." meaning "mano sinistra" (left hand), further clarify which hand should be used in various sections of the piece.