What does tempo refer to in the context of music?

Tempo in music specifically refers to the speed at which a piece of music is performed. It indicates how fast or slow the beats occur and is usually measured in beats per minute (BPM). Composers use terms like "Allegro" for fast tempo or "Adagio" for slow tempo to guide performers on how to interpret the piece. Understanding tempo is crucial for conveying the intended character and mood of the music, as it can dramatically alter the listener's experience.

Knowing the correct tempo allows musicians to maintain consistency in their performance and ensures that they align with other musicians when playing in ensembles. This establishes a cohesive musical interpretation that reflects the composer’s intentions.