What does the term "moderato" indicate regarding tempo?

The term "moderato" indicates a moderate or medium tempo, which typically sits around a tempo marking of approximately 108-120 beats per minute. This designation suggests a pace that is neither too slow nor too fast, striking a balance that allows for expressiveness and a clear articulation of musical lines. In contrast to markings that denote slower tempos, such as “lento” or “adagio,” and those that suggest faster tempos, like “allegro” or “presto,” "moderato" establishes a comfortable and steady musical feel. This understanding is vital for interpreting music and conveying the intended emotional character of a piece.