Which of the following aspects of music composition became prominent during the Romantic period?

During the Romantic period, composers increasingly focused on the exploration of personal expression in their music. This shift reflected broader trends in society that prioritized individual experience and emotional depth. Unlike earlier periods that often emphasized strict forms and structures, Romantic composers sought to convey their innermost feelings and ideas, leading to music that was more emotional and subjective.

This emphasis on personal expression manifested in various ways, such as the use of innovative harmonies, expansive melodies, and programmatic elements—music that is associated with a narrative or idea. Composers like Chopin, Schumann, and Liszt are prime examples of this trend, as they often infused their works with a deeply personal touch and a reflection of their own experiences.

The other aspects mentioned are characteristic of earlier musical periods. Clear harmonic progression and traditional forms were hallmarks of the Classical period, which valued balance and clarity. The use of figured bass, a common practice in Baroque music for indicating harmony, became less relevant in the Romantic period as composers moved towards more complex harmonic practices. Therefore, the exploration of personal expression is the defining characteristic of the Romantic period that distinguishes it from previous eras.